The Journal Computer and Technology (E-ISSN: 3048-1880) is a national peer-reviewed journal published by Ninety Media Publisher since 2023.

The journal is committed to maintaining the highest standards of publication ethics, academic integrity, and transparency in scholarly publishing.

The journal's publication ethics policies are guided by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Core Practices and the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing, jointly developed by COPE, the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), the Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association (OASPA), and the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME).

The journal expects all parties involved in the publication process, including authors, editors, reviewers, and the publisher, to adhere to the principles of honesty, fairness, confidentiality, accountability, and academic integrity.

Editorial decisions are based on scholarly merit, originality, relevance, methodological rigor, and the contribution of the manuscript to the field of computer science and technology. Decisions must not be influenced by authors' nationality, ethnicity, gender, religion, political beliefs, institutional affiliation, or ability to pay publication fees.

The journal does not tolerate research or publication misconduct and is committed to maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record.

Authors submitting manuscripts to the journal are expected to:

1. Submit original work that has not been published previously and is not under consideration by another journal.
2. Present research methods, data, results, and conclusions accurately and transparently.
3. Ensure that all listed authors have made substantial scholarly contributions to the research.
4. Obtain approval of the final manuscript from all authors before submission.
5. Appropriately acknowledge the contributions of individuals, institutions, and funding sources.
6. Disclose relevant conflicts of interest and funding information.
7. Ensure that the research complies with applicable ethical standards and legal requirements.
8. Provide access to research data, code, and materials when required by the journal, subject to ethical, legal, and confidentiality restrictions.
9. Cooperate with editorial investigations concerning possible errors or misconduct.
10. Promptly inform the journal if significant errors are discovered after publication.

Authors are responsible for the accuracy, originality, and integrity of their manuscripts, including all data, analyses, figures, tables, references, and conclusions.

Authorship must reflect substantial intellectual contributions to the research.

To qualify for authorship, individuals must have:

• Made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the research, data acquisition, analysis, interpretation, or development of the research;
• Participated in drafting the manuscript or critically revising it for important intellectual content;
• Approved the final version of the manuscript; and
• Agreed to be accountable for the integrity and accuracy of the work.

Individuals who do not meet the authorship criteria should be acknowledged appropriately.

The journal encourages authors to provide a statement of individual contributions using the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT), where applicable.

The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all authors have approved the manuscript and that the information submitted to the journal is accurate.

Changes to authorship, including the addition or removal of authors or changes in author order, must be justified and approved by all affected authors. The journal may request supporting documentation before approving such changes.

Authorship disputes will be handled in accordance with applicable COPE guidance. Where necessary, the journal may request clarification or refer the matter to the relevant institutions.

Editors are responsible for ensuring that manuscripts are evaluated fairly, objectively, and confidentially.

Editors must:

• Evaluate manuscripts based on scholarly merit and the journal's scope.
• Maintain editorial independence from the publisher and other parties.
• Select qualified and independent reviewers.
• Protect the confidentiality of submitted manuscripts and associated research materials.
• Disclose and manage conflicts of interest.
• Investigate credible allegations of research or publication misconduct.
• Ensure that appropriate corrections, expressions of concern, or retractions are considered when necessary.

Editors must not use unpublished information obtained through submitted manuscripts for personal research or professional advantage without the authors' explicit permission.

Editors who have a conflict of interest with a manuscript must withdraw from the editorial decision-making process. An alternative editor should be appointed to ensure an impartial assessment.

Reviewers contribute to the quality and integrity of the journal through independent and constructive evaluation.

Reviewers are expected to:

1. Accept review assignments only when they have sufficient expertise and can complete the review within the agreed timeframe.
2. Disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest.
3. Treat submitted manuscripts and associated materials as confidential.
4. Provide objective, constructive, and evidence-based assessments.
5. Avoid personal criticism of authors.
6. Identify relevant published work that has not been appropriately cited.
7. Notify the editor of suspected plagiarism, duplicate publication, data manipulation, or other ethical concerns.
8. Refrain from using unpublished information obtained through peer review for personal or professional advantage.

Reviewers must not upload confidential manuscripts or associated research materials to external AI systems without authorization from the journal and appropriate safeguards.

All manuscripts undergo an initial editorial assessment to determine their suitability for the journal.

Manuscripts that meet the journal's initial requirements are evaluated through the peer review process described in the journal's Peer Review Process policy.

Reviewers are selected based on their expertise, independence, and absence of relevant conflicts of interest.

Editorial decisions are based on the reviewers' assessments and the editor's independent academic judgment.

The journal may reject a manuscript without external peer review when it falls outside the journal's scope, does not meet the minimum scholarly requirements, or raises serious ethical concerns.

The journal does not guarantee acceptance based on payment, personal relationships, institutional affiliation, or other non-academic considerations.

The journal's peer review model, reviewer selection criteria, and editorial decision process are described separately in the Peer Review Process policy.

A conflict of interest exists when financial, professional, institutional, personal, or other relationships could reasonably be perceived to influence scholarly judgment.

Authors, editors, reviewers, and the publisher must disclose actual, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest relevant to a manuscript or editorial decision.

Authors must disclose funding sources and relationships that may have influenced the research, its interpretation, or its reporting.

Editors and reviewers must not participate in the evaluation of manuscripts when a conflict of interest could compromise their impartiality.

The journal will take appropriate measures to manage disclosed conflicts and may publish relevant declarations alongside the article.

The journal considers plagiarism to include the use of another person's words, ideas, data, images, or other intellectual contributions without appropriate acknowledgment.

Self-plagiarism includes the reuse of previously published material without appropriate disclosure, particularly when it misrepresents the originality of the submitted work.

Duplicate or redundant publication occurs when substantially overlapping research is published or submitted more than once without appropriate disclosure and justification.

All manuscripts are subject to plagiarism and similarity screening in accordance with the journal's Plagiarism Policy.

Similarity scores are considered as part of the editorial assessment and do not, by themselves, determine whether plagiarism has occurred. Editors evaluate the nature, extent, context, and attribution of the overlapping material.

Authors must properly cite and acknowledge all sources used in their manuscripts.

The journal may reject manuscripts or take further action when plagiarism, redundant publication, or other violations of publication ethics are identified.

The journal's detailed screening procedures are described in the Plagiarism Policy.

The journal does not tolerate research or publication misconduct.

Research misconduct includes, but is not limited to:

• Fabrication of data or research results.
• Falsification or inappropriate manipulation of data, images, or research materials.
• Plagiarism or inappropriate reuse of previously published work.
• Duplicate or redundant publication without appropriate disclosure.
• Manipulation of authorship or contributorship.
• Citation manipulation or coercive citation practices.
• Peer review manipulation.
• Undisclosed or inappropriate use of AI-generated content.
• Misrepresentation of research methods, results, or conclusions.

Handling allegations of misconduct

The journal takes allegations of misconduct seriously, whether they arise before or after publication.

When a credible allegation is received, the journal will:

1. Conduct an initial assessment to determine whether the allegation falls within the journal's responsibility.
2. Obtain relevant information and supporting evidence where appropriate.
3. Contact the authors or other relevant parties for clarification when necessary.
4. Consult the relevant institution, research ethics committee, publisher, or other appropriate authority when the allegation requires further investigation.
5. Evaluate the available evidence and determine appropriate editorial action.
6. Communicate the outcome to the relevant parties, where appropriate.

The journal will handle allegations confidentially and fairly, while allowing all relevant parties an opportunity to respond.

The journal will not make public allegations of misconduct before an appropriate assessment has been completed.

Where misconduct is established, the journal may reject or withdraw a manuscript, publish a correction or expression of concern, retract an article, or take other appropriate action.

The journal follows applicable COPE guidance when handling allegations of research misconduct.

The journal welcomes complaints and appeals concerning editorial decisions, publication ethics, research integrity, and the conduct of the editorial process.

Complaints may be submitted to the editorial office through the official contact information provided on the journal website.

Complaints must include sufficient information to identify the relevant manuscript or article and explain the nature of the concern.

Appeals against editorial decisions must provide a clear scholarly justification and address the reasons for the original decision.

Complaints and appeals will be handled fairly, confidentially, and without retaliation against individuals who raise concerns in good faith.

Where appropriate, complaints will be reviewed by an editor who was not involved in the original decision.

The journal will communicate the outcome of the review to the complainant when appropriate.

Research involving human participants, animals, human tissue, personal data, or other ethically sensitive materials must comply with applicable ethical standards and institutional requirements.

Authors must obtain approval from an appropriate research ethics committee or institutional review board when required.

The manuscript should include the name of the approving institution, approval reference number, and relevant ethical declarations, where applicable.

Research involving human participants must include appropriate informed consent procedures.

When a manuscript contains potentially identifiable information, including photographs, videos, or personal data, authors must obtain appropriate consent for publication and ensure that the information is handled in accordance with applicable privacy and confidentiality requirements.

Research involving animals must comply with applicable animal welfare standards and institutional regulations.

Authors must provide evidence of ethical approval or exemption when requested by the journal.

The journal may request additional documentation when ethical concerns arise.

The journal encourages authors to make the data, code, research materials, and analytical procedures supporting their findings available to the scholarly community.

Where applicable, manuscripts should include a Data Availability Statement describing the location and conditions of access to the research data.

Authors must ensure that shared data do not violate privacy, confidentiality, intellectual property rights, or applicable legal and ethical requirements.

If data cannot be shared, authors should explain the restrictions and provide information about whether access may be granted under appropriate conditions.

The journal encourages transparent reporting of research methods and sufficient methodological detail to support verification and reproducibility.

Authors must not fabricate, falsify, or selectively manipulate research data or experimental results.

The journal recognizes that artificial intelligence and AI-assisted technologies may be used in research and manuscript preparation.

Authors must disclose the use of AI tools when such tools have materially contributed to the preparation of the manuscript, including the generation or modification of text, images, data, code, research methods, or other scholarly content.

The disclosure should identify the AI tool and describe its role in the research or manuscript preparation.

AI tools cannot be listed as authors because they cannot assume responsibility for the accuracy, integrity, and accountability of scholarly work.

Authors remain fully responsible for the content of their manuscripts, including verifying the accuracy of AI-generated information, references, data, code, and interpretations.

The use of AI must not violate confidentiality, research ethics, copyright, or the journal's policies.

Editors and reviewers must not use AI tools in ways that compromise the confidentiality of submitted manuscripts.

Authors are responsible for ensuring that all submitted materials are original or used with appropriate permission.

Previously published figures, tables, images, datasets, and other copyrighted materials must be properly attributed and used in accordance with applicable copyright and licensing requirements.

The journal's copyright, licensing, and open access policies are described separately on the journal website.

Authors must disclose any restrictions affecting the publication or distribution of their research materials.

The journal will investigate allegations of copyright infringement and take appropriate action when necessary.

The journal encourages constructive scholarly discussion and welcomes comments, questions, and concerns regarding published articles.

Readers may submit post-publication comments or concerns to the editorial office.

The journal may invite authors to respond to substantive comments and may publish relevant correspondence or commentary when appropriate.

Post-publication discussions must be conducted respectfully and must focus on scholarly issues rather than personal criticism.

The journal will assess credible concerns about the validity or integrity of published research and take appropriate action when necessary.

The journal is committed to maintaining the accuracy and integrity of the scholarly record.

Corrections may be published when errors are identified that do not invalidate the main findings or conclusions of an article.

Expressions of concern may be issued when there are serious unresolved questions regarding the reliability or integrity of a published article.

Retractions may be considered when there is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable due to major errors, fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, unethical research, or other serious violations of publication ethics.

Retraction notices will explain the reason for the retraction and identify the affected article.

The original article will remain accessible whenever possible, clearly marked as retracted, to preserve the integrity and transparency of the scholarly record.

The journal will follow applicable COPE guidance when considering corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions.

All publication fees, article processing charges, and other applicable costs must be clearly disclosed on the journal website.

Payment of publication fees does not guarantee acceptance or influence editorial decisions.

The journal maintains editorial independence from the publisher, sponsors, and other parties with commercial or institutional interests.

Financial considerations must not override scholarly merit, research integrity, or ethical standards.

The journal's publication fees and related policies are described separately in the Author Fee policy.

The journal periodically reviews its publication ethics policies to ensure that they remain consistent with international standards of scholarly publishing and applicable COPE guidance.

The journal may revise its policies when necessary to address developments in scholarly communication, research integrity, and publication ethics.

The latest version of the journal's policies is available on the official journal website.

Ethical Reference: Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Core Practices. https://publicationethics.org/core-practices

Transparency Reference: COPE, DOAJ, OASPA, and WAME. Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing, Version 5.0, October 2026. https://www.oaspa.org/resources/principles-of-transparency-and-best-practice-in-scholarly-publishing-version-5/